The calendar by region
Flanders is the most ambitious: all rented properties must reach label D by 2030, then label C by 2035. Landlords who fail to comply risk fines of up to €5,000.
In Brussels, the EPC certificate has been mandatory for all rental listings since 2011, but a minimum label is not yet imposed.
Wallonia has announced a similar plan with progressive thresholds from 2028.
The most cost-effective works
Roof insulation remains the best investment: it accounts for up to 30% of heat loss and grants often cover 50 to 70% of the cost. Next come window replacement and wall insulation.
A preliminary energy audit helps prioritise works with the best cost/EPC gain ratio.