EPC and indexation: the general principle

The EPC indexation mechanism links the energy class to the permitted indexation rate. A poorly insulated property is deprived of all or part of its indexation. Key dates: 14 October 2022 in Brussels, 1 November 2022 in Wallonia, 13 October 2023 and 14 October 2023 (regional adjustments).

Formula: new rent = base rent x (new index / starting index) x EPC factor. The starting index and new index vary according to the anniversary of entry into force, but the EPC factor is specific to each region.

Pillar: indexation pillar guide.

EPC indexation Brussels: rules

Brussels EPC indexation follows a progressive correction factor. EPC A-D = 100%, EPC E = partial, EPC F/G = very reduced or nil, no EPC = treated as G.

A lease that entered into force before 14 October 2022 may sometimes benefit from transitional rules. Details: indexation in Brussels.

EPC indexation Wallonia: rules

EPC indexation in Wallonia is stricter. Indexation is blocked from EPC F: A-D = 100%, E = partial (~50%), F/G = 0%, no EPC = 0%. Renovation is the only way to regain the right to indexation.

Details and table: indexation in Wallonia.

Social housing: exception for SISP and Housing Fund

The private and public markets are subject to distinct rules.

Social housing companies (SISP)

Social housing companies (SISP) apply their own scales. The EPC restrictions are generally not applicable to them in the same terms.

Housing Fund

The Housing Fund follows its own rules, independent of the private market EPC indexation rules.

Private market

For any private landlord, real estate company or corporation: the EPC restrictions apply in full. Any indexation must comply with the energy class.

Obtaining an EPC certificate

To be able to index, the landlord must provide the tenant with a valid EPC certificate for the property. Validity: 10 years (Wallonia and Brussels). Mandatory at the start of the rental. Cost: 150-400 euros. Via a certified assessor. If a lease entered into force without an attached certificate, regularise before the next anniversary date.

Indexation calculator — EPC and indexation checker — 3-region comparison — Tenant verification.

Frequently asked questions

Is an EPC mandatory for any indexation?

Yes since 2022-2023. Except for certain social housing.

EPC improves from F to D after renovation?

Yes. Indexation is possible from the new certificate at the next anniversary date.

Lease predating October 2022?

Yes, the rules apply from the first anniversary date falling after the entry into force of the measures.

Tenant refuses without EPC provided?

Yes, legitimate ground. No rent indexation is defensible without a certificate.