In Belgium
A property company (societe civile immobiliere / patrimoniumvennootschap) is a legal entity created to hold and manage property. In Belgium, the most common forms are the SRL (societe a responsabilite limitee) and the simple partnership (societe simple).
Advantages:
- Avoids joint ownership partition risks — shares can be transferred without selling the property
- Gradual donation of shares to children reduces inheritance tax
- Professional tax treatment of expenses and depreciation
- Limited liability (for SRL)
Disadvantages:
- Higher acquisition costs (registration duties + corporate structure costs)
- Annual accounting and filing obligations
- Corporate tax on rental income (instead of favourable CI-based personal taxation)
- Benefit-in-kind taxation if the owner uses the property personally
Practical example
A couple with 3 children creates an SRL to hold 4 rental apartments. They donate 20% of the shares to each child (total 60%) over several years, benefiting from reduced gift tax rates. When the parents pass away, only 40% of the company shares enter the estate, significantly reducing inheritance tax compared to direct property ownership.