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New landlord obligations in 2026: complete guide

EPC, detectors, digital registration, insurance: all new landlord obligations in Belgium in 2026, region by region.

EH By Edouard Hennin 3 min read
Content valid until June 25, 2027 · review
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Entry into force
January 1, 2026
Urgent
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Entry into force : January 1, 2026
Published
344days ago

!What changes

  • 1The EPC certificate must be attached to any rental listing (all three regions)
  • 2Smoke and CO detectors are mandatory in all living areas (Wallonia and Brussels)
  • 3Lease registration via MyRent must be completed within 2 months (Brussels, down from 4 months)
  • 4The landlord must annually verify the tenant's fire insurance coverage (Brussels)
  • 5Entry inventory of fixtures costs are capped at 50% charged to the tenant (Wallonia)
Official source:FPS Finance / SPW Housing / Brussels Housing -- landlord obligations 2026 →

Overview of new obligations in 2026

The year 2026 marks a significant strengthening of landlord obligations in Belgium. Each region legislates at its own pace, but the trend is shared: more transparency towards the tenant, enhanced safety standards and digitalisation of procedures.

For landlords managing multiple properties, the volume of administrative procedures is increasing. A rental management tool can help centralise the tracking of deadlines and compliance.

Impact on rent indexation

Without a valid EPC certificate, rent indexation is impossible in Brussels and Wallonia. This is the most costly penalty for a negligent landlord.

Strengthened EPC obligations

The EPC certificate (Energy Performance of Buildings) is now at the heart of landlord obligations. In 2026, requirements are tightened in all three regions:

EPC obligationBrusselsWalloniaFlanders
EPC mandatory to rentYesYesYes
EPC in the listingYes (score + label)Yes (score)Yes (score + label)
Energy annex to the leaseYes (new)NoNo
EPC required for indexationYes (min E)YesNo
Minimum score to rentNo (but reduced guarantee E-G)G banned from 2028No

The EPC certificate is valid for 10 years. For rental properties, it is recommended to renew it after renovation works to benefit from a better score. The new energy standards are detailed in our dedicated article.

Smoke and CO detectors

Fire safety standards are being strengthened:

In Wallonia (since December 2025):

  • One smoke detector per floor (no longer just in the hallway)
  • One CO detector in each room with a combustion appliance (boiler, stove, water heater)
  • The landlord must provide and install the detectors before the tenant moves in

In Brussels (progressive 2026-2027):

  • One smoke detector per floor (already in force)
  • Extension to living areas (living room, bedrooms) planned for January 2027
  • CO detector mandatory under the same conditions as Wallonia

In Flanders:

  • One smoke detector per floor (unchanged)
  • No CO obligation for now, but recommended
Landlord responsibility

It is the landlord who must install the detectors before the tenant moves in. The tenant is responsible for replacing batteries. In the event of a fire without detectors, the insurance may refuse to cover the claim.

Lease registration: tighter deadlines

Lease registration on MyRent (FPS Finance) remains free and mandatory, but deadlines are changing:

RegionRegistration deadlinePenalty for non-registration
Brussels2 months (down from 4)Tenant can leave without notice or indemnity
Wallonia4 monthsFine EUR 25-100 + tenant can leave without notice
Flanders4 monthsTenant can leave without notice

The Brussels deadline changes to 2 months for leases signed from 1 July 2026. For landlords of multiple properties, an automatic alert system is recommended. Consult our FAQ on lease registration.

Fire insurance verification

Brussels novelty: the landlord is now obliged to verify annually that the tenant has fire insurance covering rental risks. The procedure:

  1. Request a certificate of insurance from the tenant once a year
  2. Keep a copy in the property file
  3. If no response after a registered reminder, the landlord can take out insurance on behalf of the tenant and pass on the cost

This obligation already existed in most leases, but it is now enshrined in Brussels legislation. In Wallonia and Flanders, it remains contractual (lease clause) but not statutory. The insurance guide for landlords details the recommended coverage.

2026 landlord checklist

Here are the actions to take for each rental property:

  1. Up-to-date EPC certificate: check validity and score, renew after works
  2. Detectors installed: smoke per floor + CO if combustion appliance
  3. Lease registered on time: 2 months in Brussels, 4 months in Wallonia/Flanders
  4. Energy annex attached (Brussels): EPC score + estimated charges
  5. Fire insurance certificate: request annually from the tenant (Brussels)
  6. Inventory of fixtures: carry out before move-in and budget max 50% to the tenant (Wallonia)

To generate a lease automatically incorporating these obligations, use our lease creation tool. Compliance with these obligations also conditions the right to rent indexation.

Official source: FPS Finance / SPW Housing / Brussels Housing -- landlord obligations 2026 →

Chronology

  • December 2025
    Publication of new detector standards (Wallonia)
  • 1 January 2026
    Entry into force of strengthened EPC obligations
  • 1 July 2026
    Registration deadline reduced to 2 months in Brussels
  • 1 January 2027
    CO detector mandatory in all living areas (Brussels)

Frequently asked questions

  • Yes, in all three regions. The EPC certificate must be available at the time of listing and provided to the tenant before signing the lease. In Brussels, it must also be included in the mandatory energy annex.

  • In Wallonia: one smoke detector per floor and one CO detector in each room with a combustion appliance. In Brussels: same rules, with an extension to living areas planned for 2027. In Flanders: one smoke detector per floor.

  • Penalties vary by region: administrative fine of EUR 50 to 200 for missing EPC in Brussels, refusal of rental permit in Wallonia, and inability to apply rent indexation if the EPC is not provided.

About the author
Edouard Hennin
Real estate expert since 2018, Edouard supports Belgian landlords and tenants through their rental processes. He oversees the writing of every guide in collaboration with the legal team and ensures all content reflects current legislation in Brussels, Wallonia and Flanders.
See all articles by Edouard →
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